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What is a centrifugal blower?

Views: 6     Author: Xicheng EP Ltd     Publish Time: 2022-07-01      Origin: Xicheng EP Ltd

The centrifugal blower is a machine that relies on the input mechanical energy to increase the gas pressure and discharge the gas. It is a fluid machine. Centrifugal fans are widely used in ventilation, dust removal and cooling in factories, mines, tunnels, cooling towers, vehicles, ships and buildings; ventilation and induced draft in boilers and industrial furnaces; cooling and air conditioning in air conditioning equipment and household appliances. Ventilation; drying and selection of grain; air source of wind tunnel and inflation and propulsion of hovercraft, etc.


The working principle of centrifugal blower

Centrifugal blower is based on the principle of converting kinetic energy into potential energy, using a high-speed rotating impeller to accelerate the gas, then decelerate and change the flow direction to convert kinetic energy into potential energy (pressure). In a single-stage centrifugal fan, the gas enters the impeller from the axial direction, the gas changes to the radial direction as it flows through the impeller, and then enters the diffuser. In the diffuser, the gas changes the direction of flow and the increase in the cross-sectional area of the duct slows down the gas flow, which converts kinetic energy into pressure energy. The pressure increase occurs mainly in the impeller, and secondly in the diffusion process. In a multi-stage centrifugal fan, a recirculator is used to move the airflow to the next impeller, creating a higher pressure.

FRP centrifugal blower

The role of centrifugal blower

The working principle of the centrifugal blower is basically the same as that of the turbo compressor. It is because the gas flow rate is low and the pressure change is not large. Generally, the change of the gas specific volume does not need to be considered, that is, the gas is treated as an incompressible fluid.

Centrifugal blowers can be made into two types, right-handed and left-handed. Viewed from the side of the motor: the impeller rotates clockwise, which is called a right-handed fan; the impeller rotates counterclockwise, which is called a left-handed fan.


Centrifugal blower structure

The centrifugal blower consists of a casing, a main shaft, an impeller, a bearing transmission mechanism and a motor.

Chassis: It is made of steel plate, which is strong and reliable. It can be divided into integral type and semi-open type, and the semi-open type is convenient for maintenance.

Impeller: consists of blades, curved front disc and flat back disc.

Rotor: Static balance and dynamic balance should be done to ensure smooth rotation and good performance.

Transmission part: It consists of main shaft, bearing box, rolling bearing and pulley (or coupling).


Performance characteristics of centrifugal blower

The centrifugal blower is essentially a variable flow and constant pressure device. When the rotational speed is constant, the pressure-flow theoretical curve of the centrifugal fan should be a straight line. Due to the internal loss, the actual characteristic curve is curved. The pressure developed in a centrifugal fan is greatly affected by changes in inlet air temperature or density. For a given intake air volume, the highest intake air temperature (the lowest air density) produces the lowest pressure. For a given pressure and flow characteristic curve, there is a power and flow characteristic curve. When the blower runs at a constant speed When , for a given flow, the required power increases as the intake air temperature decreases.

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